There are six classic design elements — and shape, form and line make up half of them while influencing two more. Here, we’re focusing on three of them, but seeing the big picture of where line, shape and form fit creates a deeper understanding of how everything works together. So what are these six design elements?

Shape: A shape is two-dimensional. Yes, a photograph itself is two-dimensional, but a shape in a photograph doesn’t have any appearance of depth. Often, to make a 3D object appear to have no depth, front or back lighting is used. An object that appears to have depth either through lighting or perspective, is not a shape, but a form.

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Form: Objects that appear to have depth, despite being part of a two-dimensional image, are part of the design elements of form. Forms usually appear to have depth through lighting that creates shadows, or by looking at the object from an angle, rather than straight onto one of the edges.

Line: Lines form the edges of shapes, but they also form shapes of their own. Lines can lead the eye in a photograph and serve as a powerful compositional tool.

Pattern: When lines, shapes or forms repeat, they create a pattern. Patterns can create a sense of calm, or, when broken, a sense of unease.

Texture: Texture creates a sense of depth in a two-dimensional image. Texture in photography can also be accentuated by light.

Colour: Colour may not be among the geometrical design elements, but colour is still important. Colour can draw the eye or create a mood.

Types of Shape in Photography Composition

Shape in photography has several different elements — and not the different shapes you learn in elementary school. In photography, shapes can be categorized a few different ways:

Geometric: Geometric shapes have straight, defined edges. In photography, these types of shapes are most common in man-made structures, such as architectural photography.

Organic: Organic structures are full of curves and may not be geometrically perfect. These types of shapes are often most found in nature, the curve of a flower petal, for example.

Positive: A positive shape is what we think of first when we think of a shape. A positive shape is the shape made by an object.

Negative: A negative space is the space leftover — or where the objects in the photo aren’t. A negative space is the crack in a canyon wall, for example, or a shape created from the outline of two positive spaces.

How to Make The Most of Line, Shape, and Form in Photography Composition

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